Business and Nature
Business is encapsulated, not just in society but in nature as well.  All business actions and traits—such as the pursuit of profit, the hierarchical organization, competition with market rivals, technological innovation, and executive decisions—are an outcome of natural evolutionary processes enabling the firm to adapt and survive (or not) in its ecological niche.  Both culture and nature play a part in shaping and channeling human actions, including business operations.  Human culture is itself an adaptive form of natural evolutionary processes.  Nature provides the basic biological, genetic, neural, physical, and ecological foundation on which human cultural behavior is elaborated.  The same is true for corporate culture, motives, goals, and actions.  Human culture and business culture are special forms and expressions of nature.

Natural Corporate Management (NCM) uses natural processes to manage a business firm, especially the large, complex, modern corporation.  This website provides an introduction to Natural Corporate Management:  how to identify it, how to use it to advantage, and how to avoid its misuse.

NCM:  THE CONCEPT. 
Natural Corporate Management represents a new way of thinking about and understanding the natural forces that influence the business firm’s operations both internally and externally.  The most obvious external concern is a company’s success in achieving long-term sustainability while reducing its negative impact on people and the natural environment.  However, nature also works inside the corporation, affecting goal-seeking, motives, work attitudes, organization design, decision making, strategy, and corporate policy. 

NCM:  NATURAL SCIENCE INFRASTRUCTURE.
NCM is based on empirical, verified, scientific research knowledge generated by the natural sciences.  The most directly applicable sciences include behavioral economics, neuroscience, evolutionary psychology, genetics, complexity science, and ecology.  Other sciences give useful background information:  thermodynamics, evolutionary biology, primatology, molecular biology.

NCM:  BASIC OPERATING PRINCIPLES.

NCM:  AREAS OF MANAGERIAL APPLICATION. 
An NCM approach can be applied at all levels of organizational authority and to all normal functions of the business firm:

NCM:  REFERENCES. 

Theoretical Analysis by William C. Frederick
Extensions, applications, and commentary on Frederick’s naturological approach
Basic Theory and Applications by Selected Authors